Chemistry Practice

物质分类与状态变化

This topic covers the classification of substances (e.g., acids, bases, salts, oxides) and their changes of state (melting, solidification, vaporization, etc.). In the exam, it often appears in the form of multiple-choice questions or graphical analysis questions, which require accurate judgment of the category of substances and an understanding of the characteristics of energy change and particle motion in the process of state change.

物质的量计算

Calculating the amount of a substance is a central tool in quantitative chemical analysis, involving conversions between mass, volume, concentration and number of particles. In the CSCA exam, this knowledge is often tested in combination with chemical reactions, gas laws and solution preparation, and requires candidates to be able to skillfully apply the mole concept to solve practical problems. Questions usually require multi-step calculations and unit conversions.

离子反应与检验

Ionic reactions and tests are the core content of the Chemistry exam, mainly involving the judgment of whether ions can coexist in large quantities in a solution, ion test methods, and ion concentration calculations. The questions are often given through the combination of ions or experimental phenomena, to test students' understanding of the nature of ions, the law of reaction and charge conservation. Mastery of this part of the knowledge is essential for solving problems related to electrolyte solutions.

氧化还原反应

Redox reactions are processes of electron transfer in chemical reactions, involving core concepts such as oxidizing and reducing agents, oxidation and reduction, and changes in valency. In the CSCA Chemistry exam, this knowledge often appears in the form of substance transformation judgment, oxidation product/reducer identification, and elemental property analysis, which requires students to be proficient in the calculation of valency and electron transfer analysis.

原子结构与元素周期律

Atomic structure and the periodic law of the elements are the basic core content of chemistry, which focuses on the study of the internal composition of atoms (protons, neutrons and electrons) and their arrangement laws, and reveals the periodicity of elemental properties as a function of atomic number. In the CSCA exam, this knowledge is often examined in relation to specific substances or reactions, and requires candidates to be able to use atomic structure theory to explain the properties of elements, compare the stability of substances, or perform related calculations.

化学键与分子间作用力

Chemical bonding and intermolecular forces are central to understanding the properties of matter and chemical reactions. Chemical bonding (ionic, covalent, metallic) determines the internal structure of molecules, while intermolecular forces (van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding) affect physical properties such as boiling point and solubility. In exams, the differences and effects are often examined by comparing properties of substances, analyzing reactions, or microscopic diagrams.

化学用语与方程式

Chemical terms and equations is the basic language of chemistry, mainly including element symbols, chemical formulas, valence, ionic symbols and the writing and leveling of chemical equations. In the examination, this part of the content often appears in the form of multiple-choice questions, focusing on the mastery of the basic rules and the ability to judge the details, such as the calculation of the valence, the chemical formula of the correct and incorrect analysis, equation leveling.

电解质溶液理论

Electrolyte solution theory focuses on the ionization behavior of electrolytes in the aqueous or molten state, their electrical conductivity, and the factors that influence it. On the CSCA exam, this topic is often combined with specific substances (e.g., strong/weak electrolytes, acids/bases/salts) for conceptual discernment and chemical terminology, which requires an accurate understanding of the definitions and distinguishes common misconceptions.

溶液浓度与pH

The knowledge point covers the calculation of the relationship between the concentration of the solution (such as molar concentration, mass fraction) and pH, focusing on the calculation of pH of strong acid/base and weak acid/base solutions, as well as the pattern of change of pH in the process of dilution, mixing and titration. In the examination is often combined with solubility curves, neutralization reaction images for comprehensive examination, need to be flexible use of formulas and understanding of acid-base equilibrium principle.

化学反应速率与平衡

Chemical reaction rate and equilibrium is the core content of chemical kinetics and thermodynamics, the main study of the reaction proceeds quickly (rate) and limit (equilibrium). In the exam, often combined with specific reaction situations, test the influence of external conditions (temperature, concentration, pressure, catalyst) on the rate and equilibrium shift, as well as the judgment of equilibrium state. Questions focus on understanding and application of the principles rather than mere memorization.

理想气体状态方程

The ideal gas equation of state pV = nRT is the core formula that describes the quantitative relationship between pressure, volume, temperature and amount of matter of an ideal gas. In the examination, it is often combined with the analysis of experimental devices, chemical reaction calculations and comparison of gas properties, and requires flexible use of the equation to solve practical problems.

常见无机物性质

This knowledge point covers the classification, physical and chemical properties of common inorganic substances, such as acids, bases, salts and oxides. In the examination, it often appears in the form of judgment questions on classification of substances, comparison of properties or description of reaction phenomena, etc. Candidates are required to accurately grasp the definitions of various types of inorganic substances, their typical representatives and their properties.

基础有机化合物

Basic organic compounds cover the common classes of alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, and carboxylic acids, with emphasis on their structures, nomenclature, physical properties, and typical reactions (e.g., substitution, addition, esterification). In the CSCA exam, relevant questions often incorporate diagrams of experimental setups or descriptions of phenomena to examine the understanding and application of reaction principles and properties of organic compounds.

化学实验与应用

The Chemistry Experiments and Applications module focuses on the principles of experimental operations, methods of separation and purification of substances, experimental safety and choice of devices, as well as the application of chemical knowledge in practical production and life. In the practice questions are often presented in a contextualized way, requiring the combination of theoretical knowledge to analyze the correctness and feasibility of the experimental scheme.

工业化工流程

Industrial Chemical Processes is an important module in the Chemistry examination, which examines students' ability to apply the principles of chemical reactions to real industrial production situations. The questions usually present the complete process of raw material treatment, separation and purification, recycling, etc., and require the analysis of material transformation, condition control and environmental benefits. These questions are highly comprehensive and need to be answered by combining knowledge of elemental compounds, reaction principles and experimental operations.