Electrolyte Solution Theory

Question 1

Question 1: 2. Electrolytes are compounds that conduct electricity in aqueous solution or in the molten state. T...

2. Electrolytes are compounds that conduct electricity in aqueous solution or in the molten state. The following statements about electrolytes are not correct ( ) (1) Barium sulfate cannot conduct electricity when placed in water, so barium sulfate is a nonelectrolyte; (2) Ammonia dissolved in water to get an aqueous solution of ammonia conducts electricity, so ammonia is an electrolyte; (3) Solid ${ } ^ { \mathrm { HCl } }$ does not conduct electricity, and cations produced when $\mathrm { HCl } _ { \text {can conduct electricity; (4)} } \mathrm { NaHSO } _ { 4 }$ is ionized in the molten state have hydrogen ions, so it is an acid; (5) Electrolytes in water must conduct electricity, non-electrolytes in water must not conduct electricity

A. A. (1) (4) only
B. B. (1) (4) (5) only
C. C. (1) (2) (3) (4) only
D. D. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: (1) Although barium sulfate is insoluble in water, it can conduct electricity in its molten state and is an electrolyte, (1) is wrong; (2) Ammonia is a mixture, not an electrolyte, ammonia itself is a non-electrolyte, ammonia monohydrate generated by combining ammonia and water is an electrolyte, (2) error; (3) HCl remains a molecule in its molten state and cannot conduct electricity; it conducts electricity only when dissolved in water, (3) is wrong; (4) $\mathrm { NaHSO } _ { 4 }$ ionizes in water to form $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + } , \mathrm { H } ^ { + }$ and $\mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$, which are acid salts, (4) is wrong; (5) Electrolytes (e.g., $\mathrm { BaSO } _ { 4 }$ is insoluble) may not conduct electricity when placed in water, and non-electrolytes (e.g., ${ } ^ { \mathrm { SO } _ { 2 } }$ dissolves in water to form electrolytes) may conduct electricity indirectly, (5) is wrong; Therefore, the answer is D.

Question 2

Question 2: 3. The following chemical terms are correctly represented

3. The following chemical terms are correctly represented

A. A. Electronic formula for ${ } ^ { \mathrm { N } _ { 2 } }$: $\mathrm { N } : : \mathrm { N }$
B. B. Structural formula of HClO: $\mathrm { H } - \mathrm { Cl } - \mathrm { O }$
C. C. Ionization equation for sodium bicarbonate $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } ^ { 2 - }$
D. D. Alum chemical formula: $\mathrm { KAI } \left( \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } \right) _ { 2 } \cdot 12 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. The electronic formula of $\mathrm { N } _ { 2 }$: $: \mathrm { N } : : \mathrm { N } : , \mathrm { A }$ is wrong; B. The structural formula of HClO: $\mathrm { H } - \mathrm { O } - \mathrm { Cl }$, B is incorrect; C. The ionization equation for sodium bicarbonate: $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { HCO } _ { 3 } ^ { - }$, C is incorrect; D. Mingiso is a potassium aluminum sulfate crystal with the chemical formula: $\mathrm { KAl } \left( \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } \right) _ { 2 } \cdot 12 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$, D is correct;

Question 3

Question 3: 5. The following chemical terms are correctly represented

5. The following chemical terms are correctly represented

A. A. Chlorine atom with mass number 37: ${ } _ { 37 } ^ { 17 } \mathrm { Cl }$
B. B. Electronic formula for hydrogen chloride: $\mathrm { H } ^ { + } [ : \mathrm { Cl } : ] ^ { - }$
C. C. Schematic structure of the Mg atom : + + 12 ) $\begin{aligned} & \text { ] } 1 \text { ] } \\ & \text { 2 } 82 \end{aligned}$
D. D. $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 }$ Ionization in aqueous solution: $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } ^ { 2 - }$

Answer

Answer: C

Solution: A. Chlorine atom with mass number 37: ${ } ^ { 37 } \mathrm { Cl }$, A error; B. The electronic formula of hydrogen chloride: $\mathrm { H } : ~ \ddot { \mathrm { C } } \mathrm { l }$:, B is wrong; C. Mg atomic proton number is 12, the number of electrons outside the nucleus is 12, atomic structure diagram: (+12) 282, C is correct; D. $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 }$ is ionized in aqueous solution : $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { HCO } _ { 3 } ^ { - } , \mathrm { D }$ is wrong; Answer choice C.

Question 4

Question 4: 6. The following compounds conduct electricity ( )

6. The following compounds conduct electricity ( )

A. A. quicksilver
B. B. Solid sodium chloride
C. C. Liquid hydrogen chloride
D. D. Molten sodium hydroxide

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. Mercury is Hg monomers, not compounds, so A does not meet the question; B. There are no free-moving ions in solid sodium chloride, so it cannot conduct electricity, so B does not meet the meaning of the question; C. Liquid hydrogen chloride in only HCl molecules, there is no free-moving ions, can not conduct electricity, so C does not meet the meaning of the question; D. Sodium hydroxide in the molten state can be ionized free-moving ions, can conduct electricity, and for the compound, so D meets the meaning of the question; Therefore, choose: D.

Question 5

Question 5: 7. The following ionization equation is correct ( )

7. The following ionization equation is correct ( )

A. A. Sodium bicarbonate solution: $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { HCO } _ { 3 } ^ { - }$
B. B. Sodium bisulfate in the molten state: $\mathrm { NaHSO } _ { 4 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$
C. C. Sodium sulfide solution: $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm {~S} = 2 \mathrm { Na } ^ { + 1 } + \mathrm { S } ^ { - 2 }$
D. D. Aluminum sulfate solution: $\mathrm { Al } _ { 2 } \left( \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } \right) _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Al } ^ { 3 + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$

Answer

Answer: A

Solution: A. Sodium bicarbonate ionizes sodium ions and bicarbonate ions in solution with the ionization equation $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { HCO } _ { 3 } ^ { - }$, so A is correct; B. Sodium bisulfate ionizes sodium ions and bisulfate ions in the molten state, and the ionization equation is $\mathrm { NaHSO } _ { 4 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { HSO } _ { 4 } ^ { - }$, so B is wrong; C. Sodium sulfide in solution ionizes sodium ions and sulfur ions, the ionization equation is $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm {~S} = 2 \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { S } ^ { 2 - }$, so C error; D. Aluminum sulfate ionizes aluminum ions and sulfate ions in solution, and the ionization equation is $\mathrm { Al } _ { 2 } \left( \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } \right) _ { 3 } = 2 \mathrm { Al } ^ { 3 + } + 3 \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$, so D is wrong;

Question 6

Question 6: 8. The following chemical terms are correctly described ( )

8. The following chemical terms are correctly described ( )

A. A. Phosphorus atom with mass number 31: ${ } ^ { 31 } \mathrm { P }$
B. B. Schematic structure of the sulfur ion: (+18) 288
C. C. Chemical formula for iron sulfate: $\mathrm { FeSO } _ { 4 }$
D. D. $\mathrm { KHSO } _ { 4 }$ Ionization equation in the molten state: $\mathrm { KHSO } _ { 4 } = \mathrm { K } ^ { + } + \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$

Answer

Answer: A

Solution: A. The proton number of a phosphorus atom with a mass number of 31 is 15, and the mass number is labeled in the upper-left corner of the element symbol, and the proton number is labeled in the lower-left corner as ${ } ^ { 31 } \mathrm { P }$, so A is correct; B. The nuclear charge of the element sulfur is 16, sulfur atomic electrons outside the nucleus to get two electrons to form sulfur ions, the sulfur ion structure schematic (+16) $\begin{array} { l l l } & 1 & 1 \\ & 2 & 8 \\ & 1 & / \end{array}$, so B is wrong; C. The valence in iron sulfate is + 3, then the chemical formula is $\mathrm { Fe } _ { 2 } \left( \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } \right) _ { 3 }$, so C is wrong. D. The ionization equation of $\mathrm { KHSO } _ { 4 }$ in the molten state is $\mathrm { KHSO } _ { 4 } = \mathrm { K } ^ { + } + \mathrm { HSO } _ { 4 } ^ { - }$, so D is wrong; Therefore, the answer is A.

Question 7

Question 7: 9. The following substances are electrolytes ( )

9. The following substances are electrolytes ( )

A. A. sodium carbonate (chemistry)
B. B. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { OH }$
C. C. $\mathrm { SO } _ { 3 }$
D. D. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { COOH }$

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A.Na is a monomer, neither an electrolyte nor a non-electrolyte, so A does not fit the question; B. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { OH }$ is an organic substance, which is a non-electrolyte, so B does not fit the question; C. $\mathrm { SO } _ { 3 }$ is a non-metallic oxide, which is a non-electrolyte; D. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { COOH }$ is an organic acid, which is an electrolyte. D. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { COOH }$ is an organic acid, which is an electrolyte.

Question 8

Question 8: 10 . The following are not electrolytes ()

10 . The following are not electrolytes ()

A. A. sodium chloride solution
B. B. caustic soda
C. C. dicalcium phosphate
D. D. HCl

Answer

Answer: A

Solution: A. Sodium chloride solution is a mixture, not a compound, so it is not an electrolyte; B.Sodium hydroxide ionizes to produce $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + } , \mathrm { OH } ^ { - }$, a base, which is an electrolyte, and B does not meet the question; C . C. Potassium chloride ionizes to produce $\mathrm { K } ^ { + } , \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$, a salt, which is an electrolyte; D. HCl ionizes to produce $\mathrm { H } ^ { + } , \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$, an acid, which is an electrolyte; Therefore, the logical choice is A.

Question 9

Question 9: 11. China's commitment to achieve "carbon neutrality" by 2060 reflects China's commitment as a major...

11. China's commitment to achieve "carbon neutrality" by 2060 reflects China's commitment as a major country to solving the climate problem. In practice, the reaction $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } + \mathrm { NaOH } = \mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 }$ can be used to capture $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ in exhaust gases, and the following chemical terms are correct ( )

A. A. Oxygen atom with neutron number 8: ${ } ^ { 8 } \mathrm { O }$
B. B. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } , \mathrm { D } _ { 2 } , \mathrm {~T} _ { 2 }$ mutual isotope
C. C. Schematic structure of $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + }$: (+11) 28
D. D. Ionization equation for $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 }$: $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } ^ { 2 - }$

Answer

Answer: C

Solution: A. The mass of an oxygen atom with neutron number 8 is 16, the mass number is written in the upper left corner and the number of protons is written in the lower left corner i.e. ${ } ^ { 16 } \mathrm { O }$, so A is wrong; $B$ . Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons, $H _ { 2 } , D _ { 2 } , T _ { 2 }$ are monomers, not atoms, so they are not isotopes of each other, so B is wrong; C. $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + }$ has 10 electrons outside its nucleus, so the structure of $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + }$ is shown in the diagram: (+11) ${ } ^ { 1 }$ / so C is correct; D. Sodium bicarbonate ionizes sodium ions and bicarbonate ions, and its $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 }$ ionization equation: $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { HCO } _ { 3 } ^ { - }$, so D is incorrect. In summary, the answer is C.

Question 10

Question 10: 12. The correct categorization for each item in the table is ( ). | Options | Mixtures | Basic oxid...

12. The correct categorization for each item in the table is ( ). | Options | Mixtures | Basic oxides | Acidic oxides | Electrolytes | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | ... | A | Hematite | $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ | CO | NaCl | | B | Iodine | $\mathrm { Fe } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 3 }$ | $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$ | $\mathrm { CaCO } _ { 3 }$ | | C | Soda Ash | $\mathrm { Mn } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 7 }$ | $\mathrm { SiO } _ { 2 }$ | $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ | [INLINE_FORMULA_5]] | [INLINE_FORMULA_6]] | [INLINE_FORMULA_6]] | D | Bleaching Powder | $\mathrm { Al } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 3 }$ | $\mathrm { NO } _ { 2 }$ | $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 }$ |

A. A. A
B. B. B
C. C. C
D. D. D

Answer

Answer: B

Solution: A. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ is a peroxide, not a basic oxide; CO is not an acidic oxide, so A is not chosen; B. Iodine is an alcoholic solution of iodine, which is a mixture; $\mathrm { Fe } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 3 }$ can react with acid to form salt and water, $\mathrm { Fe } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 3 }$ is a basic oxide; $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$ can react with alkali to form salt and water, $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$ is an acidic oxide; $\mathrm { Fe } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 3 }$ can react with alkali to form salt and water, $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$ is an alkaline oxide. $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$ reacts with alkali to form salt and water, $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$ is an acidic oxide, $\mathrm { CaCO } _ { 3 }$ is partially ionized when dissolved in water, and $\mathrm { CaCO } _ { 3 }$ is an electrolyte, so choice B is the best choice; C. Soda ash is the common name for sodium carbonate, which is a pure substance; $\mathrm { Mn } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 7 }$ is an acidic oxide, so C is not chosen; D. $\mathrm { Al } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 3 }$ is an amphoteric oxide, and $\mathrm { NO } _ { 2 }$ is not an acidic oxide;

Question 11

Question 11: 13. The following statements about $\mathrm { FeCl } _ { 3 }$ solutions and $\mathrm { Fe } ( \mathr...

13. The following statements about $\mathrm { FeCl } _ { 3 }$ solutions and $\mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 3 }$ colloids are correct.

A. A. $\mathrm { FeCl } _ { 3 }$ solutions are electrolytes
B. B. $\mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 3 \text { 胶体的分散质粒子直径大于 } } 10 ^ { - 7 } \mathrm {~m}$
C. C. To ${ } ^ { \mathrm { FeCl } _ { 3 } \text { 溶液中drop in } \mathrm { NaOH } \text { 溶液可制备 } } \mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 3 \text { 胶体 } }$
D. D. $\mathrm { FeCl } _ { 3 }$ Solution contains free-moving ions

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. $\mathrm { FeCl } _ { 3 }$ The solution is a mixture and is neither an electrolyte nor a non-electrolyte; B. $\mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 3 \text { 胶体的分散质粒子直径为 } } 10 ^ { - 9 } \sim 10 ^ { - 7 } \mathrm {~m}$, B is wrong; C. $\mathrm { FeCl } _ { 3 \text { 溶液and } \mathrm { NaOH } \text { 溶液反应生成 } } \mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 3 \text { 沉淀,氢氧化铁胶体的制备是在沸水中drop in } }$ solution of ferric chloride, heated until it appears reddish brown, C error; D. Ferric chloride is a strong electrolyte that can completely ionize iron ions and chloride ions in solution, D is correct; Answer choice D.

Question 12

Question 12: 14. The following chemical terms are correctly expressed

14. The following chemical terms are correctly expressed

A. A. Electronic formula of HCl: $\mathrm { H } ^ { + } [ : \underset { . . } { \ddot { \mathrm { Cl } } } : ] ^ { - }$
B. B. Bromine atom with 35 protons and 45 neutrons: ${ } ^ { 45 } \mathrm { Br }$
C. C. Electronic formula of $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$: $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + } [ : \stackrel { \bullet } { \mathrm { O } } : ] ^ { 2 - }$
D. D. Ionization equation for sulfuric acid: $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } = 2 \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. HCl is a covalent compound, contains no ions, and has the electronic formula: $\mathrm { H } : \mathrm { Cl } :$ , A is incorrect; B. The number in the lower-left corner of the element symbol indicates the number of protons, and the number in the upper-left corner indicates the mass number. The mass number of a bromine atom with a proton number of 35 and a neutron number of 45 is $= 35 + 45 = 80$, and so the atom can be expressed as: ${ } ^ { 80 } \mathrm { Br } , \mathrm { B }$ Wrong; C. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ contains two sodium ions, and one oxygen ion, with the electronic formula: $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + } [ : \ddot { \mathrm { O } } : ] ^ { 2 - } \mathrm { Na } ^ { + }$, C is wrong; D. Sulfuric acid is a strong acid that is completely ionized in water with the ionization equation: $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } = 2 \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$, D is correct;

Question 13

Question 13: 17. The following ionization equation is incorrect

17. The following ionization equation is incorrect

A. A. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } = 2 \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } ^ { 2 - }$
B. B. $\mathrm { Al } _ { 2 } \left( \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } \right) _ { 3 } = 2 \mathrm { Al } ^ { 3 + } + 3 \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$
C. C. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } = 2 \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$
D. D. $\mathrm { KClO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { K } ^ { + } + \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - } + 3 \mathrm { O } ^ { 2 - }$

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. Sodium carbonate is completely ionized, and the ionization equation is $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } = 2 \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } ^ { 2 - }$, so A is correct; B. Aluminum sulfate is completely ionized, and the ionization equation is $\mathrm { Al } _ { 2 } \left( \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } \right) _ { 3 } = 2 \mathrm { Al } ^ { 3 + } + 3 \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$, so B is correct; C. Sulfuric acid is a strong binary acid, completely ionized, the ionization equation is $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } = 2 \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$, so C is correct; D. Potassium chlorate is composed of potassium ions and chlorate ions, completely ionized, the ionization equation is $\mathrm { KClO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { K } ^ { + } + \mathrm { ClO } ^ { - }$, so D is wrong;

Question 14

Question 14: 18. Water is the source of life, in 2014, our scientists for the first time photographed the spatial...

18. Water is the source of life, in 2014, our scientists for the first time photographed the spatial orientation of water molecule clusters image, modeled as shown. The following statements about water are correct. ![](/images/questions/electrolyte-solution/image-001.jpg)

A. A. Water is an electrolyte.
B. B. Combustible ice is water that burns.
C. C. Hydrogen and oxygen can only make up water
D. D. The density of ice is greater than that of liquid water at $0 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$

Answer

Answer: A

Solution: A.Water is an extremely weak electrolyte, A is correct; B.Combustible ice is $\mathrm { CH } _ { 4 } \cdot \mathrm { nH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$, not water that can be burned, so B is wrong; C. Hydrogen and oxygen can be composed of two elements of water, can also be composed of hydrogen peroxide, so C error; D. Ice can float on water, so the density of ice is smaller than that of liquid water at $0 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$, so D is wrong. The answer is A.

Question 15

Question 15: 19. The following statements are correct

19. The following statements are correct

A. A. Molten NaCl conducts electricity because it ionizes when it is energized
B. B. Solid NaCl does not conduct electricity because it is not directly composed of electrically charged particles.
C. C. $\mathrm { NH } _ { 4 } \mathrm { NO } _ { 3 }$ Ionization does not produce metal ions, so it is not a salt.
D. D. $\mathrm { NaHSO } _ { 4 }$ ionizes three ions in aqueous solution, two of which are cations and the other anions

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. Molten NaCl conducts electricity because sodium ions and chloride ions are generated from the ionization of sodium chloride in the molten state, not from electricity, and A is wrong; B. Solid sodium chloride consists of sodium ions and chloride ions, NaCl solids do not conduct electricity because sodium chloride solids do not contain free-moving electrons or ions, B error; C. Compounds made up of metal or ammonium ions and acid anions are salts, and $\mathrm { NH } _ { 4 } \mathrm { NO } _ { 3 }$ ionizes to produce $\mathrm { NH } ^ { 4 }$. , $\mathrm { NO } ^ { 3 }$, which is a salt, C is wrong; D. $\mathrm { NaHSO } _ { 4 }$ is an acid salt of a strong acid, which ionizes in aqueous solution to form $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + } , \mathrm { H } ^ { + } , \mathrm { SO } ^ { 4 }$, a triple ion.

Question 16

Question 16: 20. The following substances are not correctly classified or categorized.

20. The following substances are not correctly classified or categorized.

A. A. Chlorine water and acid rain are both mixtures
B. B. Sucrose, barium sulfate and water are non-electrolytes, strong electrolytes and weak electrolytes respectively
C. C. Sulfuric acid, soda ash, sodium acetate and quicklime are acids, bases, salts and oxides respectively
D. D. Starch solution and egg white solution are both colloids

Answer

Answer: C

Solution: A. Chlorine water is a mixture formed when chlorine gas is dissolved in water, and acid rain is rain with a pH less than 5.6, which is a mixture, so A is correct; B. Sucrose in aqueous solution and molten state are not conductive, belonging to the non-electrolyte, barium sulfate in the molten state of complete ionization, belonging to the strong electrolyte, water can only be partially ionized, belonging to the weak electrolyte, so B is correct; C. Sulfuric acid, soda ash, sodium acetate and quicklime are acids, salts, salts and oxides, so C is wrong; D. Starch solution and egg white solution are colloids, so D is correct;

Question 17

Question 17: 21 . The following substances both conduct electricity and are electrolytes

21 . The following substances both conduct electricity and are electrolytes

A. A. copper (chemistry)
B. B. $\mathrm { KNO } _ { 3 }$ crystal
C. C. dilute sulfuric acid
D. D. Molten NaCl

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. Copper is a metallic monomer, neither an electrolyte nor a non-electrolyte, so A is not chosen; B.$\mathrm { KNO } _ { 3 }$ ions in crystals cannot move freely and do not conduct electricity, so B is not chosen; C. Dilute sulfuric acid is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, a mixture, neither an electrolyte nor a nonelectrolyte, so C is not selected; D. Molten NaCl contains free-moving ions that conduct electricity and is an electrolyte, so D is chosen.

Question 18

Question 18: 22 . The following substances are listed in the order of mixtures, oxides, weak electrolytes, and no...

22 . The following substances are listed in the order of mixtures, oxides, weak electrolytes, and nonelectrolytes in that order

A. A. Starch, $\mathrm { CuO } , \mathrm { HClO } , \mathrm { Cu }$
B. B. Water glass, $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } \cdot \mathrm { CaO } \cdot 6 \mathrm { SiO } _ { 2 } , \mathrm { Ag } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } , \mathrm { SO } _ { 3 }$
C. C. $\mathrm { KAl } \left( \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } \right) _ { 2 } \cdot 12 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } , \mathrm { KClO } _ { 3 } , \mathrm { NH } _ { 3 } \cdot \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } , \mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { OH }$
D. D. Plain Glass, $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } , \mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { SCN } ) 3$, Glucose

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. Starch belongs to the mixture, CuO belongs to the oxide, HClO belongs to the weak electrolyte, Cu is a monomer not an electrolyte, so A is wrong; B. Water glass is an aqueous solution of sodium silicate, which is a mixture, $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } \cdot \mathrm { CaO } \cdot 6 \mathrm { SiO } _ { 2 }$ is a salt, not an oxide, $\mathrm { Ag } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ is a strong electrolyte that is completely ionized when it melts, and $\mathrm { SO } _ { 3 }$ is a non-electrolyte, so it is wrong; C. $\mathrm { KAl } \left( \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } \right) _ { 2 } \cdot 12 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ is a salt, $\mathrm { KClO } _ { 3 }$ is a salt and not an oxide, $\mathrm { NH } _ { 3 } \cdot \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ is a weak base and a weak electrolyte, and $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { OH }$ is an organic substance and a non-electrolyte; D. Ordinary glass is a mixture of silicate and silicon dioxide, $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ belongs to oxides, $\mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { SCN } ) _ { 3 }$ exists in ionization equilibrium belongs to weak electrolytes, glucose belongs to non-electrolytes, so D is correct;

Question 19

Question 19: 23. The following substances are correctly classified

23. The following substances are correctly classified

A. A. Colloids: $\mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 3 }$, starch solution, protein solution
B. B. Acid oxides: $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 } , \mathrm { SiO } _ { 2 } , \mathrm { CO }$
C. C. Oxygenated acids: $\mathrm { H } _ { 3 } \mathrm { PO } _ { 3 } , \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 4 } , \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } \mathrm { H } _ { 5 } \mathrm { OH }$
D. D. Electrolytes: $\mathrm { HCl } , \mathrm { CaO } , \mathrm { BaSO } _ { 4 }$

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. Starch solution and protein solution are colloids, $\mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 3 }$ is a pure substance, not a colloid, A is wrong; B. Oxides that react with bases to form salts and water are acidic oxides, $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 } , \mathrm { SiO } _ { 2 }$ are acidic oxides, and CO is not a salt oxide; C. $\mathrm { H } _ { 3 } \mathrm { PO } _ { 3 } , \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 4 }$ is an oxygen-containing acid, and $\mathrm { C } _ { 2 } \mathrm { H } _ { 5 } \mathrm { OH }$ is a monohydric alcohol, which cannot be ionized and is a non-electrolyte, not an oxygen-containing acid; D. Compounds that are soluble in water or can conduct electricity by ionizing ions in the molten state are electrolytes, and $\mathrm { HCl } , \mathrm { CaO } , \mathrm { BaSO } _ { 4 }$ is an electrolyte, D is correct; Answer choice D.

Question 20

Question 20: 24. The following substances have free-moving chloride ions in them

24. The following substances have free-moving chloride ions in them

A. A. Sodium chloride crystals
B. B. Potassium chloride solution
C. C. Potassium chlorate solution
D. D. Liquid hydrogen chloride

Answer

Answer: B

Solution: A. Sodium chloride crystals contain chloride ions that are not free to move, A does not fit the question; B. Potassium chloride solution contains chloride ions that can move freely, $B$ which fits the question; C. Potassium chlorate solution contains chlorate ions, not chloride ions, C does not fit the question; D. Liquid hydrogen chloride contains only hydrogen chloride molecules, not chloride ions;

Question 21

Question 21: 25. The following statements are correct

25. The following statements are correct

A. A. Sucrose solution does not conduct electricity and sucrose solution is a non-electrolyte
B. B. Hydrochloric acid conducts electricity because the solution produces free-moving ions when electrified
C. C. Alcohol does not conduct electricity in aqueous solution or in the molten state, alcohol is a non-electrolyte
D. D. Sodium chloride and sulfuric acid are both electrolytes, so they both conduct electricity in their molten state

Answer

Answer: C

Solution: A. Non-electrolytes are pure substances and sucrose solution is a mixture, so sucrose solution is not a non-electrolyte, so A is wrong ; B. Hydrochloric acid can conduct electricity because there are free-moving ions in the solution, which do not need to be energized, so B is wrong; C, according to the definition of non-electrolyte, alcohol in aqueous solution and molten state can not conduct electricity, so alcohol is a non-electrolyte, so C is correct; D, sodium chloride for ionic compounds, molten state can conduct electricity, sulfuric acid for covalent compounds, molten state can not conduct electricity, so D error; The answer is C.

Question 22

Question 22: 26. The following statements are correct ().

26. The following statements are correct ().

A. A. Hydrochloric acid and ammonia both conduct electricity, so $\mathrm { HCl } , \mathrm { NH } _ { 3 }$ are both electrolytes
B. B. A solution containing ${ } ^ { 1 \mathrm {~mol} \mathrm { FeCl } _ { 3 } }$ reacts with sufficient boiling water to theoretically produce $\mathrm { N } _ { \mathrm { A } }$ and $\mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 3 }$ colloids.
C. C. Dispersions with particle diameters between $1 \times 10 ^ { - 9 } \mathrm {~cm} \sim 1 \times 10 ^ { - 7 } \mathrm {~cm}$ are colloidal.
D. D. Starch solution can be distinguished from aqueous baking soda solution using the Tyndall effect

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. Ammonia dissolves in water to form ammonia monohydrate, ammonia monohydrate ionizes hydroxide ions, ammonium ions, so its water The solution can conduct electricity because it contains free-moving ions, but the ammonia molecule itself is not ionized, so ammonia is a non-electrolyte, A error; B. Iron hydroxide colloidal particles are aggregates of iron hydroxide, and the $1 \mathrm { molFeCl } _ { 3 }$ solution containing $\mathrm { Fe } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 3 }$ is smaller than $\mathrm { N } _ { \mathrm { A } }$ when dropped into boiling water, B. Error; C. The dispersion system with the diameter of the dispersant particles between $10 ^ { - 9 } \sim 10 ^ { - 7 } \mathrm {~m}$ is a colloid, C is wrong; D. a beam of light irradiation when the colloid will be observed bright pathway, starch solution belongs to the colloid, the easiest way to distinguish between colloids and other dispersions is to use the Tyndall effect, D is correct;

Question 23

Question 23: 27. NaCl is dissolved in water to form a solution, the dissolution process is shown in the figure. T...

27. NaCl is dissolved in water to form a solution, the dissolution process is shown in the figure. The following statements are not correct ( ) ![](/images/questions/electrolyte-solution/image-002.jpg)

A. A. The ionization equation for NaCl is $\mathrm { NaCl } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$
B. B. The illustration of the "hydrated b-ion" is unscientific.
C. C. Free-moving hydrated sodium ions and hydrated chloride ions are present in NaCl solutions.
D. D. In this process, electrification is the main reason why NaCl is able to ionize in aqueous solution

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. NaCl is a strong electrolyte, and the ionization equation is $\mathrm { NaCl } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$, which is correct; B. The b ion is positively charged and should be surrounded by the negatively charged oxygen in the water molecule; the diagram of the "hydrated b ion" is not scientific; C. The diagram shows that there are free-moving hydrated sodium ions and hydrated chloride ions in NaCl solution, C is correct; D. sodium chloride dissolved in water will be ionized, and the electricity has nothing to do, D error;

Question 24

Question 24: 28. The curve to a certain volume of ${ } ^ { \mathrm { Ba } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 2 } \text { 溶液中逐...

28. The curve to a certain volume of ${ } ^ { \mathrm { Ba } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 2 } \text { 溶液中逐滴add稀硫酸,测得混合溶液的导电能力随时间变化 } }$ is shown in the figure, and the following statements are correct () ![](/images/questions/electrolyte-solution/image-003.jpg) $\mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - } + \mathrm { Ba } ^ { 2 + } + \mathrm { OH } ^ { - } = \mathrm { BaSO } _ { 4 } \downarrow + \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$

A. A. BC section of the increasing conductivity of the solution, mainly due to the excess of dilute sulfuric acid ionized ions conduct electricity
B. B. At room temperature, sulfuric acid solution must be more conductive than ammonia
C. C. a Moment $\mathrm { Ba } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 2 }$ and dilute sulfuric acid happen to react completely, and the ionic equation for the reaction is:
D. D. The decreasing conductivity of the solution in section AB indicates that the $\mathrm { BaSO } _ { 4 }$ produced is not an electrolyte.

Answer

Answer: A

Solution: A. ABC paragraph excess sulfuric acid ionization of hydrogen ions and sulfate ions lead to a larger concentration of free-moving ions in solution, the conductive ability to enhance, A correct; B. Conductivity is related to the concentration of ions in solution and the charge of ions, the concentration of both solutions is unknown, it is impossible to determine the conductivity, B is wrong; C. a time $B a ( O H ) _ { 2 }$ and dilute sulfuric acid happen to react completely, the ionic equation of the reaction is: $$ 2 \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - } + \mathrm { Ba } ^ { 2 + } + 2 \mathrm { OH } ^ { - } = \mathrm { BaSO } _ { 4 } \downarrow + 2 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } \text {, option C is wrong; } $$ D. $\mathrm { BaSO } _ { 4 }$ is a compound that conducts electricity in the molten state, so it is an electrolyte.

Question 25

Question 25: 30 . The following points about the basic concepts of chemistry are correctly understood

30 . The following points about the basic concepts of chemistry are correctly understood

A. A. The essential feature that distinguishes colloids from other dispersion systems is the Tyndall effect
B. B. ${ } ^ { 143 } \mathrm { Nd } _ { \text {和 } } { } ^ { 144 } \mathrm { Nd }$ mutual isotope
C. C. Strong electrolyte solutions conduct electricity better than weak electrolyte solutions
D. D. $\mathrm { SiO } _ { 2 }$ can express the molecular formula of silica

Answer

Answer: B

Solution: A. Colloids are distinguished from other dispersive system is the essential characteristic of the size of the diameter of the dispersed material, colloidal dispersed material particles in the $1 \mathrm {~nm} \sim 100 \mathrm {~nm}$ between the diameter of the Tyndall effect is only colloidal properties, so A error; B. ${ } ^ { 143 } \mathrm { Nd } _ { \text {和 } } { } ^ { 144 } \mathrm { Nd }$ has the same number of protons, the mass number is different, that is, the number of neutrons is different, each other isotopes, so B is correct; C. The conductivity of a strong electrolyte solution with a small concentration is not necessarily stronger than that of a weak electrolyte solution with a large concentration, so C is wrong; D. Silicon dioxide is an atomic crystal and does not have a molecular structure, so D is wrong; In summary, the answer is B.

Question 26

Question 26: 31. The following substances are strong electrolytes

31. The following substances are strong electrolytes

A. A. chlorine (chemistry)
B. B. sulfur dioxide SO2
C. C. ammonia
D. D. sodium oxide

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. Chlorine is a monomer, neither an electrolyte nor a non-electrolyte, so A is wrong; B. Sulfur dioxide does not conduct electricity in the molten state, and the aqueous solution conducts electricity because it reacts with water to produce sulfite to conduct electricity, so $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$ is a non-electrolyte, so B is wrong; C. Ammonia is an aqueous solution of ammonia, is a mixture, neither electrolyte nor non-electrolyte, so C error; D. Sodium oxide can be completely ionized in its molten state and is a strong electrolyte, so D is correct; Answer: D.

Question 27

Question 27: 33. Aqueous solutions of the following substances can conduct electricity but are themselves non-ele...

33. Aqueous solutions of the following substances can conduct electricity but are themselves non-electrolytes

A. A. $\mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$
B. B. $\mathrm { NH } _ { 3 }$
C. C. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$
D. D. ethanol

Answer

Answer: B

Solution: A. $\mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ is neither an electrolyte nor a non-electrolyte; B. $\mathrm { NH } _ { 3 }$ dissolves in water to form $\mathrm { NH } _ { 3 } \cdot \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ and the solution conducts electricity, but $\mathrm { NH } _ { 3 }$ is a non-electrolyte; C. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ is an electrolyte; D. An aqueous solution of ethanol does not conduct electricity; D. Aqueous solutions of ethanol do not conduct electricity.

Question 28

Question 28: 34. Sodium is a typical metal element, the following description of sodium and its compounds is inco...

34. Sodium is a typical metal element, the following description of sodium and its compounds is incorrect

A. A. When sodium metal is taken, the remaining sodium cannot be put back into the original reagent bottle
B. B. NaOH is a strong alkali, commonly known as caustic soda, caustic soda, caustic soda
C. C. When heating $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 }$ or $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 }$ solids, the mouth of the test tube should be slightly tilted downward.
D. D. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ and $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ are oxides of sodium, both of which are electrolytes

Answer

Answer: A

Solution: A. Since sodium metal is a very active metal, easy to react with air $\mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$, water vapor, etc., so when you take the sodium metal, the remaining sodium should be put back to the original reagent bottle, so as to avoid fire and other safety accidents, A error; B. NaOH is a strong alkali, commonly known as caustic soda, caustic soda, caustic soda, and the chemical formula of soda ash is $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 }$, B is correct; C.When heating a solid, water vapor is produced, and in order to prevent the liquid from flowing back and blowing up the test tube, the mouth of the test tube is tilted downward when heating the solid, C is correct; D. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ and $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ are oxides of sodium, which ionize ions in the molten state and are electrolytes, D is correct; Therefore, the answer is: A.

Question 29

Question 29: 35. On December 9, 2021, astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu of the Shenzhou XIII cr...

35. On December 9, 2021, astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu of the Shenzhou XIII crew gave a space lecture on the Chinese space station. Wang Yaping used effervescent tablets to demonstrate the experiment of surface tension of liquid in microgravity environment. A Vitamin C effervescent tablet has antioxidant and anti-aging effects and contains Vitamin C, citric acid, sodium bicarbonate, lactose, sorbitol, etc., and a large amount of gas is generated when it meets water. Ammonium nitrate is one of the components of launch vehicle propellant, the following statements are correct ( )

A. A. Ammonium nitrate solid and its aqueous solution can conduct electricity
B. B. From the phenomenon that carbon dioxide is produced when effervescent tablets are dissolved in water, it can be seen that the acidity: citric acid < carbonic acid
C. C. An aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate is acidic on the principle that $\mathrm { NH } _ { 4 } ^ { + } + \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } \rightleftharpoons \mathrm { NH } _ { 3 } \cdot \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } + \mathrm { H } ^ { + }$
D. D. Nitrogen gas is one of the products of the decomposition of ammonium nitrate under certain conditions and has the electronic formula $\mathrm { N } : : \mathrm { N }$

Answer

Answer: C

Solution: A. Ammonium nitrate solid can not conduct electricity, A error; B. effervescent tablets dissolved in water, citric acid and sodium bicarbonate reaction to get carbon dioxide gas generation, in line with the strong acid system weak acid decomposition reaction principle, so the acidity: citric acid $>$ carbonate, B error; C. Ammonium nitrate is a strong acid and weak base salt, ammonium hydrolysis makes the solution acidic, the principle of $$ \mathrm { NH } _ { 4 } ^ { + } + \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } \rightleftharpoons \mathrm { NH } _ { 3 } \cdot \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } + \mathrm { H } ^ { + } \text {, option C is correct; } $$ D. The electronic formula of nitrogen is ${ } ^ { \mathbf { - } } \mathrm { N }$ : $\stackrel { \bullet } { \bullet } \mathrm { N }$ :, D is wrong; Therefore, the answer is C. $36 . \mathrm { B }$ [Knowledge Points]Electrolytes and non-electrolytes, conductivity of aqueous solutions of substances, laboratory production of chlorine gas, sodium peroxide [Detailed explanation] A. Na can be used as an electric light source made of high-pressure sodium lamps are sodium issued by the yellow light range, fog permeability, A does not meet the question; B. Sodium peroxide and water and carbon dioxide reaction can produce oxygen, can be used as a submarine oxygen supplier, B is consistent with the meaning of the question; C. Laboratory preparation of chlorine gas to consume a lot of concentrated hydrochloric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid is a reducing agent and the role of the acid, C does not meet the meaning of the question; D. ammonia is a non-electrolyte, but ammonia dissolved in water to form a solution of ammonia can conduct electricity, D does not meet the meaning of the question;

Question 30

Question 30: 36. Of the following options, the statements, are correct and there is a causal relationship between...

36. Of the following options, the statements, are correct and there is a causal relationship between them ( ) | Options | Statement 1 | Statement II | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | A. Na can be used as a source of electricity. | Na can be used as an electric light source to make high-pressure sodium lamps | The yellow light of sodium is beautiful enough to decorate the streets at night | | B . | B... | $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ can be used as an oxygen supplier for submarines | $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ can react with $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } , \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ to form $\mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ | $\mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ | C. | Laboratory production of chlorine gas consumes large amounts of dilute hydrochloric acid | HCl is a reducing agent and an acid | D. | $\mathrm { NH } _ { 3 }$ is an electrolyte | ![](/images/questions/electrolyte-solution/image-004.jpg) |

A. A. A
B. B. B
C. C. C
D. D. D

Answer

Answer: B

Question 31

Question 31: Figure a, b, c, respectively, for sodium chloride in different states of the conductive experiment o...

Figure a, b, c, respectively, for sodium chloride in different states of the conductive experiment of the micro-schematic (X, Y are expressed graphite electrodes, and with the DC power supply connected to the same way, $\bigcirc$ that the water molecules), the following statement is correct ( ) ![](/images/questions/electrolyte-solution/image-005.jpg) a ![](/images/questions/electrolyte-solution/image-006.jpg) b ![](/images/questions/electrolyte-solution/image-007.jpg) c

A. A. Figure a illustrates that sodium chloride solid contains $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + }$ and $\mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$ and conducts electricity when connected to a power source
B. B. Figure b illustrates that $\mathrm { NaCl } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$ can only occur when power is applied.
C. C. Figure c demonstrates that sodium chloride solution can also be an electrolyte under certain conditions.
D. D. Figure c shows that the orientation of H and O atoms in the hydrated ion is affected by the type of charge of the ion.

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A. Sodium chloride solid contains $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + }$ and $\mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$, but $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + }$ and $\mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$ are not free to move, and do not conduct electricity when the power is turned on, so A is wrong; B. Molten NaCl does not need to be energized for ionization, so B is wrong; C. Sodium chloride solution is a mixture, neither electrolyte nor non-electrolyte, so C error; D. According to the principle of attraction of opposites by the figure c can be judged hydrated ions in the direction of H and O atoms by the ions of the type of charge, so D is correct;

Question 32

Question 32: 38. The correct subordinate relationship between some substances or concepts represented in the figu...

A. A. A
B. B. B
C. C. C
D. D. D

Answer

Answer: A

Solution: A. Non-electrolytes are compounds that do not conduct electricity in aqueous solution or in molten state. The aqueous solution of $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } , \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$, which is a solid $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } , \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$, conducts electricity, but the ions in the solution are ionized by the carbonic acid and are not generated by the ionization of the $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ itself, so $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ is a non-electrolyte. _2]] is a non-electrolyte, A is correct; B. Electrolytes are compounds that conduct electricity in aqueous solution or in the molten state. Monomers and mixtures do not belong to electrolytes, and table salt is a mixture that does not belong to electrolytes, which do not necessarily conduct electricity themselves. B error; C. Marble is a mixture, neither electrolyte nor non-electrolyte, C error; D. Soda ash is sodium carbonate, belonging to the salt, not alkali, alkali belongs to the electrolyte, D error; D. Soda ash is sodium carbonate, a salt, not a base, and alkali is an electrolyte.

Question 33

Question 33: 39. The ionization equations for the following electrolytes in aqueous solution are written incorrec...

39. The ionization equations for the following electrolytes in aqueous solution are written incorrectly

A. A. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } = 2 \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$
B. B. $\mathrm { Ca } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 2 } = \mathrm { Ca } ^ { 2 + } + 2 \mathrm { OH } ^ { - }$
C. C. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } ^ { + } + \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } ^ { 2 - }$
D. D. $\mathrm { KNO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { K } ^ { + } + \mathrm { NO } _ { 3 } ^ { - }$

Answer

Answer: C

Solution: A. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 }$ is a strong binary acid that is fully ionized, and the ionization equation is $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } = 2 \mathrm { H } ^ { + } + \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - }$, which is correct; B. $\mathrm { Ca } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 2 }$ is a strong base, and the ionization equation is $\mathrm { Ca } ( \mathrm { OH } ) _ { 2 } = \mathrm { Ca } ^ { 2 + } + 2 \mathrm { OH } ^ { - }$; C. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 }$ is a salt that ionizes sodium and carbonate ions in aqueous solution, and the ionization equation is $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } = 2 \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } ^ { 2 }$, option C is wrong; D. $\mathrm { KNO } _ { 3 }$ is a salt. In aqueous solution, potassium and nitrate ions are completely ionized. $\mathrm { KNO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { K } ^ { + } + \mathrm { NO } _ { 3 } ^ { - }$, option D is correct ; Answer choice C.

Question 34

Question 34: 40. The following chemical terms are correctly expressed. $\bigcirc$ 28 High School Chemistry A...

40. The following chemical terms are correctly expressed. $\bigcirc$ 28 High School Chemistry Assignments for October 31, 2025

A. A. Schematic structure of a Na atom :
B. B. Soda ash: NaOH
C. C. The ratio of the number of cations to the number of anions in $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ is $1 : 1$
D. D. Ionization equation for calcium chloride: $\mathrm { CaCl } _ { 2 } = \mathrm { Ca } ^ { 2 + } + 2 \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$

Answer

Answer: D

Solution: A.Na atom has a nuclear charge of 11 and 11 electrons outside the nucleus, then the atomic structure schematic: (+11) $281 / 2$, A is not positive True; B. Soda ash is the common name for sodium carbonate, with the chemical formula $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 }$, B is incorrect; C. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ has the electronic formula $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + } \left[ : \dot { \mathrm { O } } ^ { : } : \dot { \mathrm { O } } ^ { : } \right] ^ { 2 - } \mathrm { Na } ^ { + }$, and the ratio of cations to anions is $2 : 1$, which is incorrect; D. Calcium chloride is a strong electrolyte and undergoes complete ionization in aqueous solution, so the ionization equation is $\mathrm { CaCl } _ { 2 } = \mathrm { Ca } ^ { 2 + } + 2 \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - } , \mathrm { D }$ is correct;

Electrolyte Solution Theory

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