Mechanics
| Name | Formula | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Velocity | v = Δx / Δt | m/s |
| Acceleration | a = Δv / Δt | m/s² |
| Uniform acceleration | v = v₀ + at | - |
| Displacement | x = v₀t + ½at² | m |
| Velocity-displacement | v² = v₀² + 2ax | - |
| Free fall | h = ½gt² | m |
| Newton's 2nd Law | F = ma | N |
| Gravity | G = mg | N |
| Friction | f = μN | N |
| Universal gravitation | F = Gm₁m₂/r² | N |
| Work | W = Fs cos θ | J |
| Kinetic energy | Eₖ = ½mv² | J |
| Gravitational PE | Eₚ = mgh | J |
| Power | P = W/t = Fv | W |
| Momentum | p = mv | kg·m/s |
| Impulse | I = Ft = Δp | N·s |
| Centripetal acceleration | aₙ = v²/r = ω²r | m/s² |
| Centripetal force | Fₙ = mv²/r | N |
Electricity & Magnetism
| Name | Formula | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Coulomb's Law | F = kq₁q₂/r² | N |
| Electric field | E = F/q = kQ/r² | N/C |
| Voltage | U = W/q | V |
| Capacitance | C = Q/U | F |
| Ohm's Law | U = IR | V |
| Series resistance | R = R₁ + R₂ + ... | Ω |
| Parallel resistance | 1/R = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + ... | Ω |
| Electric power | P = UI = I²R = U²/R | W |
| Joule's Law | Q = I²Rt | J |
| EMF equation | ε = I(R + r) | V |
| Ampere force | F = BIL | N |
| Lorentz force | F = qvB | N |
| Magnetic flux | Φ = BS cos θ | Wb |
| Faraday's Law | ε = -ΔΦ/Δt | V |
Waves & Optics
| Name | Formula | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Wave speed | v = fλ | m/s |
| Period & frequency | T = 1/f | s |
| Snell's Law | n₁ sin θ₁ = n₂ sin θ₂ | - |
| Refractive index | n = c/v | - |
| Critical angle | sin θc = n₂/n₁ | - |
| Lens formula | 1/f = 1/u + 1/v | - |
| Magnification | m = v/u = h'/h | - |
Thermodynamics
| Name | Formula | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Heat | Q = mcΔT | J |
| Ideal gas law | pV = nRT | - |
| Isothermal | p₁V₁ = p₂V₂ | - |
| Isobaric | V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ | - |
| Isochoric | p₁/T₁ = p₂/T₂ | - |
| 1st Law | ΔU = Q - W | J |
| Efficiency | η = W/Q₁ = 1 - Q₂/Q₁ | - |
Modern Physics
| Name | Formula | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Photon energy | E = hf = hc/λ | J |
| Photoelectric effect | Eₖ = hf - W₀ | J |
| de Broglie wavelength | λ = h/p = h/mv | m |
| Mass-energy | E = mc² | J |
| Nuclear energy | ΔE = Δmc² | J |
| Half-life | N = N₀(1/2)^(t/T) | - |