1．一氧化二氮 ${ } ^ { \left( \mathrm { N } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } \right) }$ 是一种麻醉剂，少量吸入后可迅速镇痛，且不会损伤心、肺、肝、肾 等重要脏器。一氧化二氮 $\left( \mathrm { N } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } \right) _ { \text {中氮元素的化合价为（ ）} }$

• A. A. - 1
• B. B. - 2
• C. C. + 1
• D. D. + 2

Answer: C

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• A. A. $\mathrm { CCl } _ { 4 }$ 的电子式：
• B. B. HClO 的结构式 ： $\mathrm { H } - \mathrm { Cl } - \mathrm { O }$
• C. C. $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 的分子结构模型： $\square$ D．${ } ^ { 34 } \mathrm {~S} ^ { 2 - }$ 的结构示意图 ：
• D. D. $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 的分子结构模型： $\square$ D．${ } ^ { 34 } \mathrm {~S} ^ { 2 - }$

Answer: D

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• A. A. 乙烯的结构式： $\mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } = \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 }$
• B. B. 甲烷的空间填充模型：
• C. C. 硫原子的结构示意图：
• D. D. 四氯化碳的电子式：

Answer: C

5．下列有关化学用语表示正确的是

• A. A. $\mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$的结构示意图：（＋17） 288
• B. B. ${ } ^ { 2 } \mathrm { H } _ { 2 }$ 的摩尔质量： $2 \mathrm {~g} \cdot \mathrm {~mol} ^ { - 1 }$
• C. C. 漂白粉有效成分的化学式： NaClO
• D. D. NaOH 电离方程式 ： $\mathrm { NaOH } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { O } ^ { 2 - } + \mathrm { H } ^ { + }$

Answer: A

6 ．下列表示不正确的是 

• A. A. 苯的实验式： $\mathrm { C } _ { 6 } \mathrm { H } _ { 6 }$
• B. B. 乙醛的结构简式： $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { CHO }$
• C. C. 氨基的电子式：$\underset { \bullet } { \stackrel { H } { N } } : \mathrm { H }$
• D. D. 乙烷的球棍模型：

Answer: A

7．化学用语可以表示化学过程。下列化学用语书写正确的是 

• A. A. $\mathrm { NH } _ { 3 }$ 的电子式 ：$\underset { \mathrm { H } : } { \stackrel { \mathrm { H } } { \mathrm { N } } } : \mathrm { H }$
• B. B. $\mathrm { S } ^ { 2 - }$ 的结构示意图 ：
• C. C. Si位于第三周期第VI A族
• D. D. $\mathrm { NaHSO } _ { 4 }$ 在水中的电离方程式： $\mathrm { NaHSO } _ { 4 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { HSO } _ { 4 } ^ { - }$

Answer: B

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• A. A. 羟基的电子式：${ } _ { \mathrm { g } \mathrm { g } } ^ { \mathrm { g } \mathrm { g } } : \mathrm { H }$
• B. B. 丙醇的化学式： $\mathrm { C } _ { 3 } \mathrm { H } _ { 8 } \mathrm { O }$
• C. C. 甲酸乙酯的结构简式： $\mathrm { HCOOCH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 3 }$
• D. D. 间甲基苯酚 ：

Answer: A

9．化学科学需要借助化学专用语言来描述，下列有关化学用语正确的是 <img class="imgSvg" id = "mi1mzfvuu94ks3qk2pd" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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• A. A. $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 的电子式：$\ddot { \mathrm { O } } : \ddot { \mathrm { C } } : \ddot { \mathrm { O } } :$
• B. B. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 4 }$ 分子的比例模型：
• C. C. $\mathrm { NH } _ { 4 } \mathrm { Cl }$ 的电子式： $\left[ \underset { \ddot { \mathrm { H } } } { \stackrel { \mathbf { H } } { = } } \mathbf { H } ^ { + } \mathbf { C l } ^ { - } \right.$
• D. D. 原子核内有 10 个中子的氧原子：${ } _ { 8 } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { O }$

Answer: D

10．下列化学用语表达正确的是

• A. A. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 4 }$ 的电子式： $\mathrm { H } : \stackrel { \text { H } } { \underset { \rightarrow } { \ddot { C } } } : \mathrm { H }$
• B. B. 丙烷的分子式： $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { CHCH } _ { 2 }$
• C. C. 乙醛的结构简式： $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { COH }$
• D. D. 丙烯的结构简式： $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { CHCH } _ { 2 }$

Answer: A

11．下列化学用语表达正确的是 

• A. A. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 4 }$ 分子的空间充填模型：
• B. B. 氟原子的结构示意图 ：＋$+ 9 ) 28$
• C. C. 具有 6 个质子和 8 个中子的核素符号：${ } _ { 6 } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } 8$
• D. D. 乙烯的官能团：C＝C

Answer: A

12 ．下列表示或说法正确的是 

• A. A. 硫原子结构示意图 ：
• B. B. $\mathrm { CS } _ { 2 }$ 的球棍模型 ：
• C. C. 甲酸甲酯的最简式： $\mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$
• D. D. 氯化钙的分子式： $\mathrm { CaCl } _ { 2 }$

Answer: C

13．下列化学用语或说法表达错误的是

• A. A. 甲基的结构简式：$- \mathrm { CH } _ { 3 }$
• B. B. 苯分子的最简式：CH
• C. C. 正戊烷的碳链是直线形
• D. D. 化学式 $\mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { Br } _ { 2 }$ 只能表示一种物质

Answer: C

14．下列化学用语正确的是 <img class="imgSvg" id = "mi1mzfvwvjmfvkggpre" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"/>

• A. A. 乙烯的电子式：
• B. B. 甲烷的结构式： $\mathrm { CH } _ { 4 }$
• C. C. 乙酸分子的比例模型：
• D. D. 乙烷分子的球棍模型：

Answer: C

15． $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 加氢转化为燃料是实现 $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 减排的一个重要策略，我国科学家在调控 $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 加氢反应的选择性方面取得新进展，其过程的示意图如下。下列分析正确的是（） 

• A. A. 该过程中， $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 }$ 分子中极性键发生断裂
• B. B. $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 的电子式为 $\because \mathrm { C } : \mathrm { O } :$
• C. C. 该反应中 $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 作还原剂
• D. D. 该反应的化学方程式为 $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } + 4 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \xlongequal { \text { 催化剂 } } \mathrm { CH } _ { 4 } + 2 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { C }$

Answer: D

17．下列化学用语或图示表达错误的是（） 

• A. A. $\mathrm { SO } _ { 3 } ^ { 2 - }$ 的价层电子对互斥（VSEPR）模型：
• B. B. $\mathrm { NF } _ { 3 }$ 的电子式：：$\underset { . \ddot { \mathrm { F } } : \ddot { \mathrm { F } } : \ddot { \mathrm { F } } : } { \ddot { \mathrm { F } } : }$
• C. C. HCl 分子中 $\sigma$ 键的形成 $: \stackrel { \mathrm { H } } { \bullet } \rightarrow + \overbrace { } ^ { \mathrm { Cl } } \rightarrow \overbrace { } ^ { \mathrm { H } } \rightarrow \overbrace { } ^ { \mathrm { Cl } }$
• D. D. 基态锗（Ge）原子的价电子排布式为： $4 s ^ { 2 } 4 p ^ { 2 }$

Answer: B

19．下列表述或说法正确的是（）

• A. A. 比例模型 既可以表示甲烷分子，也可以表示四氯化碳分子
• B. B. - OH 与 $\cdot \mathrm { O } _ { \bullet \bullet } \mathbf { H } \quad$ 都表示羟基
• C. C. 乙醛的结构简式为： $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { COH }$
• D. D. 苯的最简式： $( \mathrm { CH } ) _ { 6 }$

Answer: B

20．下列化学用语不正确的是（） 

• A. A. 苯的比例模型：
• B. B. 丙烷的球棍模型 ：
• C. C. 中子数为 20 的 ${ } ^ { \mathrm { Cl } }$ 的核素：${ } ^ { 20 } \mathrm { Cl }$
• D. D. 次氯酸的结构式： $\mathrm { H } - \mathrm { O } - \mathrm { Cl }$

Answer: C

21．下列化学用语使用正确的是（） $H : O ̈ : : O ̈ : H$

• A. A. $\mathrm { SiO } _ { 2 }$ 的结构式： $\mathrm { O } - \mathrm { Si } = \mathrm { O }$
• B. B. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$ 的电子式：
• C. C. $\mathrm { BaSO } _ { 4 }$ 的电离方程式： $\mathrm { BaSO } _ { 4 } = { } ^ { \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - } } + \mathrm { Ba } ^ { 2 + }$
• D. D. ${ } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C }$ 与 ${ } ^ { 14 } \mathrm { C }$ 互为同素异形体

Answer: C

22． $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm {~S} 、 \mathrm { CH } _ { 4 }$ 热解重整制 $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 }$ 过程中的主要反应为 $2 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm {~S} = 2 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } + \mathrm { S } _ { 2 } 、 2 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm {~S} + \mathrm { CH } _ { 4 } = \mathrm { CS } _ { 2 } + 4 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 }$ 。下列有关说法正确的是（ ） 

• A. A. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 4 }$ 分子的球棍模型 ：
• B. B. $\mathrm { S } _ { 2 }$ 与 $\mathrm { S } _ { 8 }$ 互为同系物
• C. C. $\mathrm { CS } _ { 2 }$ 分子呈角形
• D. D. 中子数为 16 的硫原子：${ } ^ { 32 } \mathrm {~S}$

Answer: D

23．下列关于乙醇的说法正确的是（） 

• A. A. 分子的球棍模型为 ：
• B. B. 常温下为无色无味的液体
• C. C. 与乙酸互为同分异构体
• D. D. 能使紫色的石蕊试液变红

Answer: A

25．下列有关化学用语正确的是  <img class="imgSvg" id = "mi1mzfvx68krowfpmi" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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

• A. A. 氯离子的结构示意图：
• B. B. 醛基（－ CHO ）的电子式：
• C. C. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 4 }$ 的球棍模型：
• D. D. 乙烯分子的结构式： $\mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } = \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 }$

Answer: B

26．下列化学用语表达正确的是

• A. A. 胆矾的化学式： $\mathrm { CuSO } _ { 4 }$
• B. B. 气体的摩尔体积为 $22.4 \mathrm {~L} / \mathrm { mol }$
• C. C. Ti ：中子数为 26
• D. D. 钠离子的结构示意图 ：

Answer: C

27．下列化学用语表示正确的是 

• A. A. 乙烯的结构简式： $\mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 }$
• B. B. 四氯化碳的电子式： $\mathrm { Cl } : \underset { \underset { \mathrm { Cl } } { \mathrm { Cl } } } { \stackrel { \mathrm { Cl } } { \mathrm { Cl } } } \mathrm { Cl }$
• C. C. $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 的比例模型 ：
• D. D. HClO 的结构式 ： $\mathrm { H } - \mathrm { O } - \mathrm { Cl }$

Answer: D

28．氮及其化合物的转化过程如图所示。下列分析合理的是 

• A. A. 催化剂 a 作用下，${ } ^ { \mathrm { N } _ { 2 } }$ 和 ${ } ^ { \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } }$ 能100\％转化为 $\mathrm { NH } _ { 3 }$
• B. B. 催化剂 a 通过降低 ${ } ^ { \mathrm { N } _ { 2 } }$ 的键能，加快了化学反应速率
• C. C. 在催化剂 b 表面形成 $\mathrm { N } - \mathrm { O }$ 键时，存在元素化合价的变化
• D. D. 两步反应都属于氮的固定

Answer: C

29．下列有关化学用语使用正确的是  根据下列实验信息，完成下面小题： 用下图装置进行实验验证浓硫酸与木炭在加热后得到的气体中含有 $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 } 、 \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 和 $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ 。实验过程中分别观察到无水硫酸铜变蓝、品红溶液褪色、酸性高锰酸钾溶液颜色变浅、澄清石灰水中出现白色浑浊。 

• A. A. 纯碱的电离方程式： $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 } = \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } + \mathrm { HCO } ^ { 3 }$
• B. B. 氯原子的结构示意图 ：
• C. C. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm {~S}$ 的结构式： $\mathrm { H } - \mathrm { S } - \mathrm { H }$
• D. D. 过氧化氢的电子式： $\mathrm { H } ^ { + } \left( : \ddot { \mathrm { O } } : \ddot { \mathrm { O } } ^ { : } \right) ^ { 2 - } \mathrm { H } ^ { + }$

Answer: C

30．下列化学用语表示正确的是 $\mathrm { S } ^ { 2 - }$  ${ } _ { 6 } ^ { 8 } \mathrm { C }$

• A. A. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ 的电子式为 $\mathrm { H } : \mathrm { O } : \mathrm { H }$
• B. B. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 }$ 的摩尔质量为 $98 \mathrm {~g} \cdot \mathrm {~mol} ^ { - 1 }$
• C. C. 的结构示意图为 +
• D. D. 中子数为 8 的碳原子可表示为

Answer: B

31．下列有关说法不正确的是

• A. A. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 }$ 中只存在共价键
• B. B. 用光照射 $\mathrm { KMnO } _ { 4 }$ 溶液会产生光路
• C. C. $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$ 属于酸性氧化物
• D. D. 澄清石灰水变浑浊过程中分散质粒子变大

Answer: B

32 ．下列有关实验现象分析不正确的是 明气体中有 $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$

• A. A. 无水硫酸铜变蓝证明气体中有 $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } ( \mathrm { g } )$
• B. B. 品红溶液褪色证明气体中有 $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$
• C. C. 酸性高锰酸钾溶液颜色变浅证明 $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 }$ 有漂白性
• D. D. 澄清石灰水中出现白色浑浊证

Answer: C

33．下列有关反应表示正确的是

• A. A. 木炭与浓硫酸反应： $2 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ($ 浓 $) + \mathrm { C } \triangleq 2 \mathrm { SO } _ { 2 } \uparrow + \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } \uparrow + 2 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$
• B. B. 二氧化硫溶于水： $\mathrm { SO } _ { 2 } + \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } \rightleftharpoons \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 }$
• C. C. 酸性高锰酸钾溶液颜色变浅： $2 \mathrm { MnO } _ { 4 } ^ { - } + 5 \mathrm { SO } _ { 2 } + 4 \mathrm { OH } ^ { - } = 2 \mathrm { Mn } ^ { 2 + } + 5 \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } ^ { 2 - } + 2 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$
• D. D. 澄清石灰水中出现白色浑浊 ： $2 \mathrm { OH } ^ { - } + \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } = \mathrm { CO } _ { 3 } ^ { 2 - } + \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$

Answer: A

34．下列化学用语表述错误的是 $$ \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } = \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } $$ $\mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$

• A. A. 乙烯的结构简式
• B. B. 的结构示意图 ：＋17） 288
• C. C. 乙炔分子中的共价键由 3 个 $\sigma$ 键和 2 个 $\pi$ 键组成
• D. D. $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ 的电子式：$\because \cdots \cdots 0$ ．

Answer: D

35．下列化学用语或图示表达正确的是 ## $\stackrel { \mathrm { O } } { : }$ <br> A．醛基的电子式：$\because \dot { \mathrm { C } } : \mathrm { H }$ <img class="imgSvg" id = "mi1mzfw0h1vqo48lf3f" 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 

• A. A. $\stackrel { \mathrm { O } } { : }$ <br> A．醛基的电子式：$\because \dot { \mathrm { C } } : \mathrm { H }$
• B. B. 2－丁炔的键线式：
• C. C. 顺－2－丁烯的球棍模型：
• D. D. 溴乙烷的空间填充模型：

Answer: D

36．2019年，我国青年化学家雷晓光被遴选为＂青年化学家元素周期表＂氮元素的代言人。下列与氮元素有关的说法正确的是

• A. A. ${ } ^ { 14 } \mathrm {~N}$ 与 ${ } ^ { 14 } \mathrm { C } _ { \text {互为同位素 } }$
• B. B. $\mathrm { Si } _ { 3 } \mathrm {~N} _ { 4 }$ 中 N 为 ${ } ^ { + 3 }$ 价
• C. C. $\mathrm { NH } _ { 3 }$ 的热稳定性比 HF 的强
• D. D. $\mathrm { N } _ { 2 }$ 的电子式为： $\mathrm { N } : : \mathrm { N }$ ：

Answer: D

37 ．下列表示正确的是 

• A. A. ${ } ^ { 14 } \mathrm {~N} _ { 2 }$ 与 ${ } ^ { 15 } \mathrm {~N} _ { 2 }$ 互为同位素
• B. B. 正丁烷的球棍模型：
• C. C. NaClO 的电子式： $\mathrm { Na } : \ddot { \mathrm { O } } : \ddot { \mathrm { C } } \mathrm { l } :$
• D. D. $\mathrm { NaHCO } _ { 3 }$ 水解的离子方程式： $\mathrm { HCO } ^ { 3 } + \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } ^ { \hat { \ddagger } } + \mathrm { H } _ { 3 } \mathrm { O } ^ { + } + \mathrm { CO } ^ { 3 - }$

Answer: B

38 ．下列物质的电子式书写正确的是 $[ \mathrm { H } : \ddot { O } : ] _ { 2 }$

• A. A. $\mathrm { HCl } \quad \mathrm { H } ^ { + } [ : \ddot { C l } : ] ^ { - }$
• B. B. $\mathrm { HClO } \quad \mathrm { H } : \ddot { \mathrm { Cl } } : \ddot { \mathrm { O } }$ ：
• C. C. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 }$
• D. D. $\mathrm { Na } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } _ { 2 } \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } [ : O : O : ] ^ { 2 - } \mathrm { Na } ^ { + }$

Answer: D

41．下列化学用语表述正确的是（ ） ᄃ． HCl 的电子式： $\mathrm { H } ^ { + } [ : \ddot { \mathrm { C } } 1 : ] ^ { - }$ 

• A. A. Na 的原子结构示意图：（＋11） 281
• B. B. $\mathrm { N } _ { 2 }$ 分子的结构式： $\mathrm { N } = \mathrm { N }$
• C. C. HCl 的电子式： $\mathrm { H } ^ { + } [ : \ddot { \mathrm { C } } 1 : ] ^ { - }$
• D. D. $\mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O }$ 分子的球棍模型 ：

Answer: A

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• A. A. 苯的分子式
• B. B. 丙烷分子的球棍模型
• C. C. 甲酸乙酯的结构简式 $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \mathrm { COOCH } _ { 3 }$
• D. D. 空间充填模型

Answer: B

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• A. A. 乙烯分子中碳原子之间的 $\sigma$ 键电子云图：
• B. B. 二氧化碳分子的空间填充模型：
• C. C. $\mathrm { H } ^ { - }$的结构示意图为（＋1）$\frac { 1 } { 2 }$
• D. D. 的电子式为 | $: \overline { \mathrm { F } } : \overline { \mathrm { B } } : \overline { \mathrm { F } } :$ |

Answer: C