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Next exam on November 14 – 15, 2026:
All concepts

Equations of Lines

直线的方程

Relate inclination angle to slope, form line equations, then find intersections and distances between points.

24 real-exam questions · 5 sittings51 in mock papers6 practice

Formulas

  • Slope Formula

    Formula
    k=y2−y1x2−x1k=\frac{y_{2}-y_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}}

    Applies when:x₁ ≠ x₂

    k
    slope of the line
    (x₁, y₁), (x₂, y₂)
    coordinates of two distinct points on the line
  • Inclination Angle and Slope

    Formula
    k=tan⁡αk=\tan\alpha

    Applies when:0 ≤ α < π and α ≠ π/2; a vertical line has undefined slope.

  • Point-Slope Form

    Formula
    y−y0=k(x−x0)y-y_{0}=k(x-x_{0})

    Applies when:Line through (x₀, y₀) with (existing) slope k

  • Two-Point Distance

    Formula
    ∣AB∣=(x2−x1)2+(y2−y1)2|AB|=\sqrt{(x_{2}-x_{1})^{2}+(y_{2}-y_{1})^{2}}

How the real exam tests it

Questions from real CSCA papers that test this concept. Work each one out before you open the answer.

  1. CSCA Math December 2025 Past Paper
    The inclination angle of the line y=3x+10y=\sqrt{3}x+10 is ( ).
    • A.45∘45^\circ
    • B.30∘30^\circ
    • C.120∘120^\circ
    • D.60∘60^\circ
    Show answer & solution

    Answer: D

    Answer: D The slope is 3\sqrt{3}. Thus tan⁡θ=3\tan\theta=\sqrt{3}, so θ=60∘\theta=60^\circ. Choose D.
    See it in the full CSCA Math December 2025 Past Paper
  2. CSCA Math March 2026 Past Paper
    The inclination angle of the line x+3⋅y−2=0x + \sqrt { 3 } \cdot y - 2 = 0 is
    • A.150∘150 ^ { \circ }
    • B.60∘60 ^ { \circ }
    • C.30∘30 ^ { \circ }
    • D.120∘120 ^ { \circ }
    Show answer & solution

    Answer: A

    Slope k=−1/3=−3/3k = - 1 / \sqrt { 3 } = - \sqrt { 3 } / 3. tan⁡θ=−3/3\tan \theta = - \sqrt { 3 } / 3 gives inclination angle θ=150∘\theta = 150 ^ { \circ }.
    Take the full CSCA Math March 2026 Past Paper — timed & graded
  3. CSCA Math April 2026 Past Paper
    The slope of the line through A(−1,1)A ( - 1,1 ) and B(2,3)B ( 2,3 ) is
    • A.−32- \frac { 3 } { 2 }
    • B.−23- \frac { 2 } { 3 }
    • C.32\frac { 3 } { 2 }
    • D.23\frac { 2 } { 3 }
    Show answer & solution

    Answer: D

    k=y2−y1x2−x1=3−12−(−1)=23k = \frac { y _ { 2 } - y _ { 1 } } { x _ { 2 } - x _ { 1 } } = \frac { 3 - 1 } { 2 - ( - 1 ) } = \frac { 2 } { 3 }.
    Take the full CSCA Math April 2026 Past Paper — timed & graded

Real-exam evidence

Recorded past-paper appearances are listed below; online verification is labelled separately.

24 questions across 5 sittings1 of 5 sittings available to verify free online

51 questions across 15 mock papers — our own papers, so a coverage signal rather than real-exam evidence

6 related practice questions availablePractise free: Analytic Geometry

Sitting evidence comes from the CSCA past papers on record; questions whose original paper is missing are excluded, and sprint papers are deliberately not counted.

Glossary

Related concepts